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與過去的膠片暗房相比，數字後期的處理要方便得多，效果也要好得多。膠片在暗房時要靠顯影、定影的時間和曝光的時間的長短來把握照片的明暗，如果要處理部分的明暗，就是在沖擴時對部分相紙進行遮擋。而數碼後期，就可以動動鼠標就解決了。目前進行數碼後期調整的軟件有很多，但是用得比較廣泛的、比較好用的應該還是photoshop，簡稱PS。雖然有一些像「光影魔術手」之類的傻瓜調整軟件，但是與PS相比，功能要弱得多。PS功能的強大應該說可以達到「只有想不到，沒有做不到」的效果。

Photo manipulation is the technique of modifying a photographic image by either analog or digital means.

In digital manipulation, photographs are usually taken with a digital camera and input directly into a computer. If a digital camera is not available, a printed photograph may be digitized using a scanner. Photos can also be obtained from stock photography databases. With the advent of computers, graphics tablets, and digital cameras, the term photo manipulation encompasses everything that can be done to a photo in a darkroom or on a computer. A photo manipulation is most commonly subtle (eg alterations to colouring, contrast, so forth), but may be explicit also (eg overlaying a head onto a different body, changing a sign's text). Sometimes a photo manipulation has little or no resemblance to the photo from which is started. Image manipulation software is then used to apply effects and warp the image in whatever way possible until the desired result is achieved.

Before computers, photo manipulation was done by retouching with ink, double-exposure, piecing photos or negatives together in the darkroom or scratching Polaroids. Photo manipulation is as old as photography itself; the idea of a photo having inherent verisimilitude is a social construct. Manipulation has been used to deceive or persuade viewers, or for improved story-telling and self-expression. As early as the American Civil War photographs were published as engravings based on more than one negative.