世界名畫桌布: 法國畫家 William Bouguereau 威廉·布格羅油畫

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威廉·布格羅 (Bouguereau,Adolphe William,1825.11.30--1905.8.19）是法國19世紀上半葉法國學院派繪畫的最重要人物。

他以神話和寓言題材的繪畫吸引大批追隨者。其作品以高度完整、技法全面和擅長表現多愁善感的題材為特徵。在布格羅的畫作裡，女性的形象非常恬美，有婦女，仙女和農村姑娘等人物。其環境多為鄉間叢林，寧逸靜瑟。在人物造型處理上，為了追求高度的優美，捨棄技法創新，維護官方正統的藝術，排斥其他藝術流派，因而被現代批評家指責為保守的畫家。

布格羅繪製了大批的鄉村田園情調的作品。農婦、鄉下小孩、流浪者、吉普賽女郎、牧羊女等等都成為了他作品下單純、善良、美麗的形象，其身上穿著的襯衫、格子圖案的意大利地方服飾、絕不重覆的服飾配搭是他在意大利四年取經行所看到並記錄下來的，且自畫家魔術般的手底下都成了一幅幅賞心悅目且色彩瑰麗的詩歌般的作品。

在當時的年代，他的畫非常受歡迎，特別受到英美兩國民眾的青睞，可謂風頭一時無兩。大眾對於他那種對唯美的詮釋感到不可思議且喜愛萬分，可說是繼安格爾以後的另一個把古典美發揮得淋漓盡致的巨匠，甚至認為他可以媲美意大利文藝復興三傑之一的拉斐爾(Raphael)，同樣以溫柔婉約的畫風取勝，擅刻畫典雅氣質的女性形象。

1883年他成為沙龍領導人，致力於提升新進美術家的福利，並在學院中教課。最終在1905年8月19日去世。之所以會選擇Bouguereau的作品是因為以天使與神畫為主題的畫作，另外還有女祭司那一幅。 如果把神話故事納入奇幻的選題，奇幻的疆界將可以延伸至更深隧的時代，也更能表現出一脈相承的悠遠歷史；或許也可以觀察西洋藝術發展對於奇幻畫作的影響。

Biography of William Bouguereau

William Bouguereau is unquestionably one of history's greatest artistic geniuses. Yet in the past century, his reputation andunparalleled accomplishments have undergone a libelous, dishonest, relentless and systematic assault of immense proportions. His name was stricken from most history texts and when included it was only to blindly, degrade and disparage him and his work. Yet, as we shall see, it was he who single handedly opened the French academies to women, and it was he who was arguably the greatest painter of the human figure in all of art history. His figures come to life like no previous artist has ever before or ever since achieved. He wasn』t
just the best ever at painting human anatomy, more importantly he captured the tender and subtlest nuances of personality and mood.

Bouguereau caught the very souls and spirits of his subjects much like Rembrandt. Rembrandt is said to have captured the soul of age. Bouguereau captured the soul of youth.

Considering his consummate level of skill and craft, and the fact that the great preponderance of his works are life-size, it is one of the largest bodies of work ever produced by any artist. Add to that the fact that fully half of these paintings are great masterpieces, and we have the picture of an artist who belongs like Michelangelo, Rembrandt and Carravaggio, in the top ranks of only a handful of masters in the entire history of western art.

Having died in 1905, we can suppose it best that he was not here to see the successful assault on traditional art that turned the art world inside out and upside down in the decades that followed his death. His fate was to be much like that of Rembrandt, whose work was also ridiculed and banished from museums and official art circles for the hundred years following his death. Rembrandt』s reputation wasn』t resuscitated until the 1790』s (he died in 1669) due to the influence of the founder of the Royal Academy in London, Sir Joshua Reynolds. Even as recently as 1910, Reynolds paintings brought higher prices at auction than Rembrandt. Bouguereau』s re-appreciation can rather accurately be traced from about 1979 when his prices at auction quadrupled that year alone, and then was further catapulted by the 1984 retrospective that traveled from the Petite Palais in Paris, to the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts in Canada and finally to the Wadsworth Athenaeum in Hartford. In 1980 The Metropolitan Museum in New York permanently hung two of his works that been left in storage from early in the century.

世界名畫系列：
| Vista 世界名畫(一) | Vista 世界名畫(二) | Theodore Clement Steele油畫 |
| Juliette Aristides 油畫 | SARGENT John Singer 油畫 | Picasso 畢加索 |
| Georgia O'Keeffe 喬治亞.艾琪芙 | Henri Matisse 亨利·馬蒂斯 |
| Leonardo da Vinci 達·芬奇 | Lorenzo Lotto 洛托 | Claude Monet 莫奈 |
| Tiziano Vecellio 提香·韋切利奧 | Paolo Veronese 委羅內塞 |
| Raffaello Sanzio 拉斐爾 | Michelangelo Buonarroti 米開朗基羅 |
| Pieter Bruegel 勃魯蓋爾 | Paul Cezanne 塞尚 | Gustave Caillebotte 卡勒波特
| Albrecht Durer丟勒 | Giorgione 喬爾喬內 | Giovanni Bellini 喬凡尼·貝利尼 |